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Books : reviews

R. M. W. Dixon.
The Dyirbal Language of North Queensland.
CUP. 1972

‘Dixon’s description of Dyirbal is far more than the synchronic account that the title might suggest, for not only does it present a detailed account of the linguistic facts, but also makes a substantial contribution to linguistic theory … The Dyirbal Language of North Queensland, then, is a classic study of an Australian Aboriginal language, by far the most comprehensive study of a single language published to date, for not only does it provide an original and readable account of a dying language, but also an insight into the life, thought and culture of an Aboriginal tribe almost certainly doomed to extinction before many more years have passed.’

R. M. W. Dixon.
The Rise and Fall of Languages.
CUP. 1997

The rise and fall of languages

This book offers a new approach to language change, the punctuated equilibrium model. This is based on the premise that during most of the 100,000 or more years that humans have had language, states of equilibrium have existed during which linguistic features diffused across the languages in a given area so that they gradually converged on a common prototype. From time to time, the state of equilibrium would be punctuated, with expansion and split of peoples and of languages. Most recently, as a result of European colonisation and the globalisation of communication, many languages currently spoken face imminent extinction. Professor Dixon suggests that every linguist should assume a responsibility for documenting some of these languages before they disappear.

Professor Dixon argues that the commonly used family tree model of language change is appropriate during a period of punctuation, but not during the longer periods of equilibrium. He suggests that many of the views currently held by linguists, archaeologists and geneticists need serious rethinking, and emphatically dismisses recent speculation that the original languages of humankind could be reconstructed.