Short works
- Irreversibility and heat generation in the computing process. 1961
- Computation: a fundamental physical view. 1987
- Role of relative stability in self-repair and self-maintenance. 1987. (In Self-Organizing Systems )
- Minimal energy requirements in communication. 1996. (In Maxwell's Demon 2 )
- The physical nature of information. 1996. (In Maxwell's Demon 2 )
- Information is Inevitably Physical. 2002. (In Feynman and Computation )