Dario Floreano, Joseba Urzelai. Evolution of Neural Controllers with Adaptive Synapses and Compact Genetic Encoding. 1999
 Auke Jan Ijspeert. Synthetic Approaches to Neurobiology: Review and Case Study in the Control of Anguiliform Locomotion. 1999
 Richard Walker, Orazio Miglino. Replicating Experiments in "Detour Behavior" with Artificially Evolved Robots: An A-Life Approach to Comparative Psychology. 1999
 Rens Kortmann, John Hallam. Studying Animals through Artificial Evolution: The Cricket Case . 1999
 Anil K. Seth. Evolving Behavioural Choice: An Investigation of Herrnstein's Matching Law. 1999
 John Albert. Modeling of an Early Evolutionary Stage of the Cnidarian Nervous System and Behavior. 1999
 J. A. Becerra, J. Santos, R. J. Duro. Progressive Construction of Compound Behavior Controllers for Autonomous Robots Using Temporal Information. 1999
 Charlotte K. Hemelrijk. Effects of Cohesiveness on Inter-Sexual Dominance Relationships and Spatial Structure among Group-Living Virtual Entities. 1999
 Ahmed-Reda Berrah, Rafael Laboissiere. SPECIES: An Evolutionary Model for the Emergence of Phonetic Structures in an Artificial Society of Speech Agents. 1999